The Agilent / HP 41941B can be used as a grounded probe to evaluate the impedance of in-circuit components such as printed circuit patterns, and the input/output impedance of circuits. In addition, you can connect an external dc bias source directly to the HP 41941A/B to perform dc biased measurements up to ±150V/0.5A, to measure the dc characteristics of inductors, capacitors, materials, and semiconductors. To perform swept dc bias measurements, use the HP 4194A's ±40 V internal dc bias source.